Each term is quoted so a multi-word term matches as a phrase rather than as loose words, and the terms are ANDed. Quoting also stops a term containing a space or a colon from being read as query syntax.
References
Ferguson et al. (2021). Europe PMC in 2020. Nucleic Acids Research 49(D1), D1507-D1514. doi:10.1093/nar/gkaa994
Service documentation: https://europepmc.org/